Soekarno
was the first President of Indonesia and a leading figure in the nation’s
independence movement, known for his charisma, vision, and influence in shaping
national identity. “JAS MERAH,” an acronym for Never
Leave History Behind, is a
slogan created by Soekarno to remind Indonesians that understanding their
history is essential for building a strong future.
Soekarno – JAS MERAH
(Jangan Sekali-kali Meninggalkan Sejarah / Never Leave History Behind)
A. Meaning of "JAS MERAH"
- “JAS
MERAH” is Soekarno’s famous phrase meaning “Never leave history
behind.”
- It
reminds Indonesians to respect their past and learn from the nation’s
struggle.
- Soekarno
believed that a strong nation must understand its identity, culture, and
history.
B. Soekarno’s Early Life
- Born
on 6 June 1901 in Surabaya from a modest mixed Javanese–Balinese family.
- He
grew up learning Javanese traditions and wayang stories that shaped his
character.
- As a
teenager, he lived with national leader H.O.S. Tjokroaminoto, where
his political ideas began to grow.
- He
was talented in languages and later studied engineering in Bandung.
C. Role in Indonesia’s
Independence
- Soekarno
became a leading figure against Dutch colonial rule.
- He
was imprisoned and exiled for his nationalist activities.
- During
the Japanese occupation, he pushed for independence.
- On 1
June 1945, he introduced Pancasila, the foundation of the
Indonesian state.
- On 17
August 1945, he proclaimed independence with Mohammad Hatta.
- He
became Indonesia’s first president and guided the nation in the early
years.
D. Guided Democracy and Political
Challenges
- Soekarno
replaced parliamentary democracy with Guided Democracy to create
unity.
- His
leadership style was charismatic and symbolic, often using powerful
speeches.
- Indonesia
faced economic problems, high inflation, and political conflicts between
the military, nationalists, and communists.
- Soekarno
tried to balance these groups through the concept of Nasakom
(Nationalism–Religion–Communism).
E. The 1965 Tragedy
- A
failed coup on 30 September 1965 killed six generals and triggered
national chaos.
- General
Suharto blamed the Communist Party (PKI) and took control.
- Large-scale
violence occurred, and Soekarno’s authority weakened.
- In
March 1966, he was forced to transfer power to Suharto.
F. Final Years and Legacy
- Soekarno
lost the presidency in 1967 and lived under strict supervision.
- He
died on 21 June 1970 at age 69 and was buried in Blitar.
- Today,
Soekarno is honored as the Proclaimer of Independence and a symbol
of national pride.
- His
message “JAS MERAH” remains a reminder to value history and
continue the spirit of the nation’s struggle.
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